Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Groschner, LN; Alam, MR; Graier, WF.
Metabolism-secretion coupling and mitochondrial calcium activities in clonal pancreatic β-cells.
Vitam Horm. 2014; 95(3):63-86
Doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-800174-5.00003-X
Web of Science
PubMed
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FullText_MUG
- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Graier Wolfgang
- Groschner Lukas
- Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Alam Muhammad Rizwan
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- Abstract:
- Pancreatic β-cells are the only cells capable of lowering blood glucose by secreting insulin. The β-cell continuously adjusts its secretory activity to substrate availability in order to keep blood glucose levels within the physiological range--a process called metabolism-secretion coupling. Glucose is readily taken up by the β-cell and broken down into intermediates that fuel oxidative metabolism inside the mitochondria to generate ATP. The resulting increase in the ATP/ADP ratio causes closure of plasma membrane KATP channels, thereby depolarizing the cell and triggering the opening of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels. Consequential oscillations of cytosolic Ca²⁺ not only mediate the exocytosis of insulin granules but are also relayed to other subcellular compartments including the mitochondria, where Ca²⁺ is required to accelerate mitochondrial metabolism in response to nutrient stimulation. The mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake machinery plays a fundamental role in this feed-forward mechanism that guarantees sustained insulin secretion and, thus, represents a promising therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Animals -
- Calcium Signaling -
- Clone Cells -
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
- Energy Metabolism -
- Humans -
- Insulin - metabolism
- Insulin Secretion -
- Insulin-Secreting Cells - cytology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells - pathology
- Mitochondria - metabolism
- Models, Biological -
- Pancreas - cytology
- Pancreas - pathology
- Pancreas - physiology
- Pancreas - physiopathology
- Up-Regulation -