Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
Dzemic, H.
Pharmacological Therapy of Immune-mediated Inflammatory Diseases
Humanmedizin; [ Diplomarbeit ] Medizinische Universität Graz; 2025. pp.
- Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz:
- Betreuer*innen:
- Holzer Michael
- Holzer Senka
- Altmetrics:
- Abstract:
- Immune Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs) are chronic conditions characterized by immune system dysregulation, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. They affect 5% to 7% of Western societies and include diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis. These conditions significantly impact patients’ quality of life, causing physical pain, impaired function, and psychological distress. They also pose a substantial socioeconomic burden due to high healthcare costs and reduced productivity. Historically, IMID treatment focused on symptom management. However, the introduction of biological drugs and small molecule inhibitors has revolutionized therapy by targeting specific immune pathways. Biologics, such as TNF-α inhibitors and IL blockers, have shown high efficacy in reducing inflammation and improving patient outcomes. Small molecule drugs like JAK inhibitors offer advantages like oral administration but require careful monitoring due to potential side effects. Emerging technologies are further enhancing treatment precision. Multiomics approaches integrate genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and epigenomic data to provide deeper insights into IMID mechanisms. These methods help identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, predict disease progression, and assess treatment response. Big data analytics and comparative methods accelerate drug discovery by analyzing large datasets from biobanks and clinical trials. In silico clinical trialsoffer a cost-effective alternative to traditional trials, reducing development costs and addressing ethical concerns. Targeted therapies focus on specific immune pathways such as NF-κB signaling and the IL-23/IL-17 axis, which play central roles in inflammation across multiple IMIDs. By modulating these pathways, new therapies can address unmet needs in patients who do not respond to existing treatments. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. The heterogeneity of IMIDs complicates the development of universal therapies. High costs limit access to advanced treatments, and integrating new technologies into clinical practice requires significant infrastructure and expertise. Overcoming these challenges is essentialto fully realize the potential of these advancements and improve outcomes for individuals affected by IMIDs.